Visa and Mastercard aren't card issuers, Therefore the cards on their networks come from loads of various banks and credit unions. This modify was produced—partially—to prepare the company for its IPO in 2006. Mastercard currently trades on a number of exchanges with an estimated market cap of $386 billion https://financefeeds.com/wall-street-pepe-price-pumps-following-exchange-launch-copyright-listing-next/